bunnell



' (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. M.G BUNNE LL. ORUSHING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 22,1895.

ANDREW E.GRAHAM.PHUTWLI'I'HQWASIIIHGTDMUQ (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' M; e. BUNNELL.

' CRUSHING MACHINE. Y' No. 548,179. Patented Oct. 22, 1895.v

AN DREW BGRAHAM. P HOTO-LITHQWASMNGTON D C (No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

I M. G. BUNNELL.

v GRUSHING MAGHINE.

lPatented opa-22, 1895.

UNITED STATES -i PATENT OFFICE.

MORTON G. BUNN ELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK l C. AUSTIN, OF SAME PLACE. l

CRUSHINGMACHINE.

. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 548,179, dated October 22, 1895. Application filed J' une 4, 1895. Serial No. 551,617. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MORTON G. BUNNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crushing-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

' In a crushing-machine characterized by my invention the crushing-hopper comprises a movable crushing-jaw having a combined vibratory, forward-and-back, and upanddown movement. As apreferred arrangement the movable crushing-j aw is operated from an eccentric through the medium of a pitman and a toggle. The movable crushing-jaw is pivoially attached to swinging links which are suspended from points forward of the movable crushing-jaw, whereby when the links swing in a direction to carry the lower end portion ofv the movable jaw forward said end portion of the movable jaw will also move downwardly and thereby cause a downfeed of the material. One arm of the toggle is rigid with the movable jaw, so as to prevent the latter from yielding during the crushing action, and the remaining arm of the toggle has its rear end fulcrumed upon a verticallyadjustable abutment which can be adj usted for the purpose of varying the extent of crushing movement with reference to the character of the material to be crushed. The togglearms are also fulcrumed upon the pitman at points on a line oblique to a line along the length of the pitman, which said feature constitutes a matter of further improvement and of much importance. During the operation of the machine the pitman has an up and down movement and also a vibratory action.

The movable jaw operates to alternately contract and expand the discharge-opening at the lower portion of the hopper, and while operating to thus contract such opening it has a down movement as a result of pivotally suspending the links from points forward of the movable jaw. During such action the lower end portion of the jaw will have the greatest extent of movement; but before said end portion of the jaw has reached the limit of its forward-and-down movement the upper portion of the jaw will tilt rearwardly. When the links swing rearwardly, the jaw will rise and `move back; but before the lower end portion of the jaw reaches the limit ofits back movement the upper portion of thejaw will commence to tilt forward and move downwardly, whereby the crushing action and downfeed are practically continuous. The machine, therefore, has a practically-continuous grinding and crushing action, and alsoa practically-continuous downfeed, and by relatively arranging the pitman and toggle-arms, as set forth, maximum results can be attained with a minimum amount of power, the toggle can be employed to its greatest advantage, and at the same time ample and effective end thrust can be secured.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a section taken centrally and longitudinally on a vertical plane through a crushing-ma chine embodying the principles of my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are in the nature of diagrams illustrative of the movements of the pitman and movable crushing-jaw. Fig. 4 is a section taken transversely through the machine on a plane indicated by line in Fig. l. Fig. 5 isa section taken centrally and longitudinally through the machine on a vertical plane, and is illustrative of another way of operating the movable crushing-j aw.

The crushing-hopper comprises acouple ofA crushing-jaws A and Bbetween which the stone, ore, and like material are crushed. The

crushed material is discharged at the bottom of the hopper, whereat a discharge-opening for such purpose is formed by the space between the lower end portions of the jaws.

In the rst four figures of the drawings the jaw A is' suspended by swinging links C and backed by a toggle, which is in turn operated by a pitman D, arranged between the arms or members E and E of the toggle. The links are pivotally connected with the lower end portion of the jaw A, which is hereinafter termed the movable or vibratory crushing-j aw in contradistinction to the oppositelyarranged jaw B, which latter, while not necessarily stationary, is preferably so, and is herein illustrated as a stationary jaw capable of adjustment by common means. The links inoline upwardly and forwardly from their points of pivotal connection with the lower end portion of the movable crushing-j aw and IOO are pivotally suspended, as at c c, so as to swing about a horizontal axis which is `arranged above the plane of the discharge end ofthe crushing-hopper and located forward or in front of the movable crushing-jaw A, it being hereinafter understood that the term forl ward or in front of the movable crushingjaw means opposite the plane of the crushingface a of jaw A or relatively nearer the plane of jaw B, and that with such understandingy downwardly in the arc of a circle having as,

its center the `elevated o r overhead axis which is forward of the movable crushing-jaw and` common tothe points at which the upper ends of the links are pivotally hung. y

The pitman D is desirably operated by an eccentric F, with which the `driving-shaft is` provided, said shaftfbeing indicated in dotted lines in Figs. l, 2, and 3, and being also pro-1 vided witha belt-pulleyf and balance-wheels f2. ,The pitman is arranged between thearms E and E of the toggle and engages with the same by jointed "or hinge connections, a simple arrangement being to provide the `togglearms with rounded bearing ends c e', which engage in correspondingly-shaped sockets d CZ in the pitman.

the pitrnan. engagement or connection between the togglearm E and the pitman is higher up and hence nearer to the eccentric than the point of engagement or connection `between the pitman and the toggle-arm E. arrangement can, however, `be employedthat is to say, the point of connection between the toggle-arm E and the pitman can 1 be higher up or nearer the eccentric than the `point of connection between the pitman and the toggle -arm E. toggle is also desirably rigid with the vibratory jaw A, it being observed that if the jaw` and arm should be pivotally connected togetherthe resistance of stones or ore in either the upper or lower part kof the crushing-hop-` perwould render the jaw practically inop-` erative as a crushingmeans, and that if such pivotal connection were present one end of the jaw would have to be pivoted in a fixed bearing or other undesirable means and adjuncts for rendering the jaw operative would have to be provided. A

During the operation of the machine the movable crushingjaw has the following s The toggle-arms engage or connect with the p itman `at points on a lineI which is oblique to a line along the length of` In said drawings the point of` The converse of such The arm E of the highly-effective action, to wit: a compound movement involving acertain extent of bodily forward-and-back movement, an up-and-down movement, and a rocking or vibratory movement. During such compound movement on the part of the movable crushing-jaw the pitman has an up-and-down movement and also a vibrator-y movement about a point between its upper and lower ends.

The foregoing-described compound movement is further illustrated by Figs. 2 and 3. In the former the pitman is nearly at the end. of its upstroke, and as therein shown the greater portion of its longitudinal center line G is mainly "at hthe left of the line H, drawn vertically through the center of the drivingshaft, while in Fig. 3, wherein the pitman is nearly at the end of its downstroke, the greater portion of the center line G of the pitman is at the right of the vertical line Il through the center of the driving-shaft. When the pitman makes its downstroke, it forces the movable crushing-jaw forward,and at the same time `theiorward swing of the links causes the jaw to move downwardly, thereby contracting the discharge-opening at the bottom of `the crushing-hopper and also `feeding the crushed materialdownwardb7 through such contracting opening, `it being @seen that when thepitman is raisedthe lower 'end of the jaw will be raised, as in Fig. 41, and

when the pitman descends said `end of the `jaw will be moved forwardly and downwardly, las in Fig. 3, wherein the movement of the links causes such downward movement on the part of the jaw. During this forward movement `of the jaw its lower end portion will fhave the greatest extent'of movement; but before such lower` end portion of the jaw reaches the limit of its forward movementits upper end portion tilts, thereby permitting the material at the top of the hopper to settle ldown between its crushing-jaws. The links then swing back and the jaw commences `to have a back and up movement; but before the lower end portion ofthe jaw reaches the limit of its back movement the upper portion of `the jaw commences to` `again tilt forward andimove downwardly.A The downfced and `crushing action are therefore practically lcontinuous, since the material will be crushed in alternation between the jaw Brand the upper and lower portions of the vibratoryinovable jaw, which said portions will have a grinding as well as a direct crushingaction. As shown in Fig.2, the upper end of the movable jaw is 'forward of a vertical line I, while in Fig. 3 it is on ksuch line, and also in said Fig. 2 the 1lower end of the movable jaw is back of a vertical line K, while in Fig. 3 it is on said line.

The eccentric is `proportioned with reference to the desired extent of thrust or vibratory action on the `part of the ends of the movable crushing-jaw, and when this is determined the positions of the points of connection between the toggle-arms and the pit- IOC IIC

man are determined with reference to the forward-and-back thrust or movement of the middle portion of the movable crushing-jawthat is to say, the portion between its upper and lower end portions. The extent of such thrust is governed by the angle of a line between the ends e e of the toggle-arms to the center line G of the pitman and by the length of said line between the ends ee', and by such arrangement I also avoid unduly bending the toggle, thereby rendering available the greatest power of the toggle and at the same time employing a minimum amount of drivingpower for operating the toggle.

As a convenient and preferred arrangement the links are arranged at the outer sides of the side wallsL of the main frame, although if they were sufficiently widened to form sides of the crushing-hopper they could, of course, be arranged at the inner sides of said sidewalls. The lower end of the movable crushing-jaw is desirably extended downwardly, as illustrated, and while separate pivots for the links can be employed a single long pivotbclt M can be used.

rlhe rear toggle-arm E is pivotally connected with a vertically-adjustable abutment N, which is preferably provided withasocketbearing n for the rounded rear end e2 of such toggle-arm. Said abutment can be adjusted by any suitable `means--for example, by an adjusting-screw O, arranged to Work in a bear ing Z on the rear end wall Z of the main frame.

The movable crushing-jaw is subject to a spring which tends to draw the jaw back and which serves to maintain the toggle-arms in connection with the pitman, and as a desirable arrangement the rod P has its forward end hinged to the movable crushing-jaw, as at p, and has its rear end portion extended through an opening Z2 in the main frame and also extended through an elastic cushion Q. NVith such arrangement a cap R and nut S are fitted upon the rear end of said rod and the cap is arranged to fit one end of the elastic cushion.

In practiceI prefer to construct the machine with both of the foregoing-described important features, consisting of the swinging links suspended from points forward of the vibratory crushing-jaw and the toggle comprising a couple of arms which connect with the pitman on a line which is oblique to a line along the length of the pitrnan, since by such general arrangement I secure what I deem to be the best results, it being understood that said two main features co-operate to secure such ends. I may, however, employ the feature of the links, arranged as set forth, in a machine in which the arm E on the vibratory crushing-jaw is vibrated and longitudinally recip- 4rocated by means other than those shown in however, less desirable, and the shaft is apt to break under the great strain to which it is subjected.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable jaw, swinging supporting links for the said jaw, the said links being suspended at their upper ends from pivots arranged in front of the jaw and the jaw being supported at the lower ends of the links and operating mechanism for the said jaw, whereby it is caused to move downwardly at the same time it moves bodily toward its opposing crushing member, substantially as set forth.

2. In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing jaw, a toggle for operating said jaw, and a pitman with which the toggle arms are connected at points on a line oblique to a line along thelength of the pitman, substantially as described.

3. In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing jaw, swinging links arranged to pivotally support the movable jaw and pivotally suspended from points forward of the same, an arm rigid with the movable jaw, and means such as set forth for operating the arm, whereby the said jaw is moved bodily toward its opposing crushing member, and at the same time is carried downward.

4. In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing jaw, swinging links pivotally connected with the lower end portion of the movable jaw and suspended from points forward of the same, a toggle having one of its arms rigid with the movable jaw, and a pitman for operating the toggle, substantially as described.

5.v In a crushing machine, the crushing hopper comprising a movable crushing jaw, swinging links pivotally connected with the lower end portion of the movable jaw and suspended from points forward of said jaw, a toggle having one of its arms rigid with the movable jaw, and a pitman with which the links are connected at points on a line oblique to a line along the length of the pitman, substantially as described.

6. A crushing machine comprising a crushing hopper having a movable crushing jaw arranged to have during operation a combined vibratory, up and down, and forward and back movement means arranged for pivotally supporting said jaw at its lower end and further arranged for movement downwardly and forwardly and rearwardly and upwardly for the purpose set forth, a toggle having one of its arms rigid with the jaw, a pitman for operating the toggle, and a spring to which the movable jaw is subject duringoperation, substantially as described.

MORTON G. BUNN ELL.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR F. DURAND, MARGARET M. WAGNER.

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